“Fumus [smoke] is a black colour when it is collected as soon as it emerges from the fire of a tallow or wax candle, or from the flame of a lamp, and which is sometimes called fuscus, sometimes fuligo.” In: Le Begue, 1431. BnF MS Latin 6741: fol. 6v, table of synonyms. Transcribed in: Merrifield, 1849. Original Treatises, dating from the 12th to the 18th centuries, vol. 1, p. 27. Translated by I. Bartusch.