“Fumus [smoke] is a black color when it is collected as soon as it emerges from the fire of a tallow or wax candle, or from the flame of a lamp, and which is sometimes called fuscus, sometimes fuligo.” In: Le Begue. 1431. BnF MS Latin 6741: fol. 6v, table of synonyms. Transcribed in: Merrifield. 1849. Original Treatises, Dating from the XIIth to the XVIIIth Centuries, Vol. 1: p. 27, Translated by I. Bartusch, Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften.